反滲透（RO）是近年來發(fā)展起來的高新膜分離技術(shù)，它的孔徑很小，是離子級的分離設(shè)備，現(xiàn)已廣泛應(yīng)用于水的淡化、除鹽、制取純凈的飲用水、高純水，分離對象是溶液中的離子范圍和分子量很小的有機(jī)物，是醫(yī)藥、電子、飲料、生物、醫(yī)學(xué)工程、環(huán)保等常用的高級設(shè)備。
我廠生產(chǎn)的反滲透裝置，以進(jìn)口美國******的膜組件為主體，進(jìn)口高壓不銹鋼泵，進(jìn)口控制儀表，高低壓管道閥門而成，另配進(jìn)口計量泵加藥和自動清洗設(shè)備。產(chǎn)品規(guī)格以產(chǎn)量計，從每小時300公斤到數(shù)百噸規(guī)格齊全可供選用，反滲透對進(jìn)水水質(zhì)要求較高，所以前處理設(shè)備必須完善，詳見使用說明。
1、原理：
RO反滲透技術(shù)是一種高科技水處理技術(shù)，它依靠反滲透膜在壓力下使溶液中的溶劑和溶質(zhì)分離的特性工作�！皾B透”是一種物理現(xiàn)象，逆滲透就是在含有鹽及各種細(xì)微雜質(zhì)的水中（即原水）施加比自然滲透更大的壓力，使水從濃度高的一方逆滲透到濃度低的一方，而原水中絕大多數(shù)的細(xì)微雜質(zhì)、有機(jī)物、重金屬、細(xì)菌、病毒及其它有害物質(zhì)等都經(jīng)污水出口排放掉。
2、反滲透純水設(shè)備主要工藝流程說明
原水泵 ：恒定系統(tǒng)供水壓力，穩(wěn)定供水量。
多介質(zhì)過濾器 ： 采用多次過濾層的過濾器，主要目的是去除原水中含有的泥沙、鐵銹、膠體物質(zhì)、懸浮物等顆粒在20um以上的物質(zhì)，可選用手動閥門控制或者全自動控制器進(jìn)行反沖洗、正沖洗等一系列操作。保證設(shè)備的產(chǎn)水質(zhì)量，延長設(shè)備的使用壽命。
活性炭過濾器： 系統(tǒng)采用果殼活性炭過濾器，活性炭不但可吸附電解質(zhì)離子，還可進(jìn)行離子交換吸附。經(jīng)活性炭吸附還可使高錳酸鉀耗氧量（COD）由15mg/L(O2)降至2～7mg/L(O2)，此外，由于吸附作用使表面被吸附復(fù)制的濃度增加，因而還起到催化作用、去除水中的色素、異味、大量生化有機(jī)物、降低水的余氯值及農(nóng)藥污染物和除去水中的三鹵化物（THM）以及其它的污染物�？蛇x用手動閥門控制或者全自動控制器進(jìn)行反沖洗、正沖洗等一系列操作。保證設(shè)備的產(chǎn)水質(zhì)量，延長設(shè)備的使用壽命。同時，設(shè)備具有自我維護(hù)系統(tǒng)，運行費用很低。
離子軟化系統(tǒng)/加藥系統(tǒng)： R/O裝置為了溶解固體形物的濃縮排放和淡水的利用，為防止?jié)馑颂貏e是RO裝置最后一根膜組件濃水側(cè)出現(xiàn)CaCO3,MgCO3,MgSO4,CaSO4,BaSO4, SrSO4, SiSO4的濃度積大于其平衡溶解度常數(shù)而結(jié)晶析出,損壞膜原件的應(yīng)有特性,在進(jìn)入反滲透膜組件之前,應(yīng)使用離子軟化裝置或投放適量的阻垢劑阻止碳酸鹽, SiO2,硫酸鹽的晶體析出。
精密過濾器 ：采用精密過濾器對進(jìn)水中殘留的懸浮物、非曲直粒物及膠體等物質(zhì)去除，使RO系統(tǒng)等后續(xù)設(shè)備運行更安全、更可靠。濾芯為5um熔噴濾芯、目的防止上級過濾單元，漏掉的大于5um的雜質(zhì)除去。防止進(jìn)入反滲透裝置損壞膜的表面，從而損壞膜的脫鹽性能。
反滲透系統(tǒng)： 反滲透裝置是用足夠的壓力使溶液中的溶劑（一般是水）通過反滲透膜（或稱半透膜）而分離出來，因為這個過程和自然滲透的方向相反，因此稱為反滲透。 反滲透法能適應(yīng)各類含鹽量的原水，尤其是在高含鹽量的水處理工程中，能獲得很好的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。反滲透法的脫鹽率提高，回收率高，運行穩(wěn)定，占地面積小，操作簡便，反滲透設(shè)備在除鹽的同時，也將大部分細(xì)菌、膠體及大分子量的有機(jī)物去除。
臭氧殺菌器： 殺滅由二次污染產(chǎn)生的細(xì)菌徹底保證成品水的衛(wèi)生指標(biāo)
Reverse osmosis series equipment
Reverse osmosis (RO) is a high - tech membrane separation technology developed in recent years. Its aperture is small, is the ion - level separation equipment. Now it is widely used in water desalination, desalination, making pure drinking water and high purity water. The separation objects are organic compounds with small ion range and molecular weight in solution. It is a popular advanced equipment for medicine, electronics, beverages, biology, medical engineering, environmental protection, etc.
The main body of the reverse osmosis unit produced by our factory is imported from the United States with the most advanced membrane module, imported high-pressure stainless-steel pump, imported control instrument, high- and low-pressure pipeline valve. It is also equipped with imported metering pump dosing and automatic cleaning equipment. Product specifications are divided by production, from 300 kg to hundreds of tons per hour. Reverse osmosis requires high water quality, so the pretreatment equipment must be perfected. See the instructions for use.
1.Principle:
RO reverse osmosis technology is a high-tech water treatment technology. It relies on the ability of reverse osmosis membrane to separate solvent and solute in solution under pressure. Penetration is a physical phenomenon. Reverse osmosis is the application of a greater pressure than natural osmosis in water containing salt and various fine impurities (raw water) to reverse osmosis from the one with higher concentration to the one with lower concentration. Most of the fine impurities, organics, heavy metals, bacteria, viruses and other harmful substances in raw water are discharged through the sewage outlet.
2. Description of main process flow of reverse osmosis pure water equipment
Raw water pump: Constant system water supply pressure, stable water supply.
Multi-media filter: the filter with multiple filtration layers is mainly used to remove sediment, rust, colloidal substances, suspended substances and other substances with particles above 20um contained in raw water. Manual valve control or automatic controller can be used for backwashing, flushing and a series of operations to ensure the water quality of the equipment and extend the service life of the equipment.
Activated carbon filter: the system adopts fruit-shell activated carbon filter, which can not only adsorb electrolyte ions, but also conduct ion exchange adsorption. Potassium permanganate oxygen consumption (COD) can be reduced from 15mg/L(O2) to 2 ~ 7mg/L(O2) after adsorption by activated carbon. In addition, the adsorption can increase the concentration of surface adsorption and replication, and play a catalytic role in removing pigments, odors, a large number of biochemical organic compounds in the water, reducing the residual chlorine value of the water and pesticide pollutants, and removing trihalides (THM) and other pollutants in the water. Manual valve control or automatic controller can be used for backwashing, flushing and a series of operations. In this way, the water quality of the equipment can be guaranteed and the service life of the equipment can be extended. At the same time, the equipment has a self-maintenance system, running costs are very low.
Ion softening system/dosing system: R/O devices are designed to dissolve solids for concentrated discharge and desalinate water quality. To prevent CaCO3 and MgCO3, MgSO4, CaSO4, BaSO4, SrSO4, SiSO4 concentration is greater than the equilibrium solubility constant deposition and crystallization precipitation in the thick water side especially RO device last membrane module thick water side, and damage the membrane of the original features, Before entering the reverse osmosis membrane assembly, the crystal precipitation of carbonate, SiO2 and sulfate should be prevented by ion softening device or appropriate scale inhibitor.
Precision filter: Precise filter is adopted to remove suspended substance, non-curved particle and colloid and other substances in the water, so that RO system and other subsequent equipment can operate more safely and reliably. The filter element is a 5um melting and spraying filter element, which aims to prevent the removal of impurities larger than 5um missed by the superior filtering unit to prevent impurities from entering the reverse osmosis device to damage the membrane surface, thereby damaging the desalination performance of the membrane.
Reverse osmosis system: A reverse osmosis device is a device that separates a solvent (generally water) in a solution through a reverse osmosis membrane (or semipermeable membrane) with sufficient pressure. Because this process is opposite to the direction of natural infiltration, it is called reverse osmosis. The reverse osmosis method can adapt to all kinds of raw water with salt content, especially in the high-salt water treatment project, it can obtain good technical and economic benefits. Reverse osmosis has the advantages of high desalination rate, high recovery rate, stable operation, small occupation area and simple operation. In addition to salt removal, reverse osmosis equipment also removes most bacteria, colloids and large molecular weight organic compounds.
Ozone sterilizer: Kill the bacteria caused by secondary contamination to ensure the sanitary standard of finished water.
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